Structs

Structs are typed collections of fields.

Defining Structs

type Person struct {
    Name string
    Age  int
    Email string
}

// Creating instances
p1 := Person{
    Name:  "Alice",
    Age:   30,
    Email: "alice@example.com",
}

p2 := Person{"Bob", 25, "bob@example.com"}

// Zero value
var p3 Person  // All fields are zero values

Methods

type Rectangle struct {
    Width, Height float64
}

// Method with value receiver
func (r Rectangle) Area() float64 {
    return r.Width * r.Height
}

// Method with pointer receiver
func (r *Rectangle) Scale(factor float64) {
    r.Width *= factor
    r.Height *= factor
}

// Usage
rect := Rectangle{Width: 10, Height: 5}
fmt.Println(rect.Area())  // 50
rect.Scale(2)
fmt.Println(rect.Area())  // 200

Embedded Structs

type Address struct {
    City, State string
}

type User struct {
    Name string
    Address  // Embedded struct
}

user := User{
    Name: "Alice",
    Address: Address{
        City:  "New York",
        State: "NY",
    },
}

// Access embedded fields
fmt.Println(user.City)  // New York